Media Literacy and Fake News in Political Education

Fidel Bartholdy

fidel.bartholdy@medialepfade.org
@medialepfade medialepfade.org

AntiAnti - Prevention of Online-radicalisation

@wirsindantianti (Instagram)
wirsindantianti.org

motivation  & bildungsziele

What the Fake?

Overview

Overview

1

3

2

4

5

Who spreads Fake News?

Defining Fake News

Who believes Fake News?

Conspiracy Theories

What to do about it?

6

Media and Political Education

1 Defining Fake News

Defining Fake News

Source: https://www.br.de/nachricht/fluechtlinge-kirche-fake-100.html

Church in Munich, six new citizens urinate at a Christian church. SHARE so that even the last do-gooder knows about this disgraceful act.

 

Respectless and sad, I´m speechless.

 

Imagine what they would do if we did the same to a mosque ?

Source: mimikama.at

Defining Fake News

It turned out that these people were Christians themselves who have a tradition of praying outside the building.

Defining Fake News

Defining the term Fake News

 

> untrue, partly true or misleading piece of information presented as news

 

> text, picture, audio or video format and new compilation of these

 

> unclear/made up source of the information

 

> aim to change and manipulate discourse and opinions

Defining Fake News

Defining the term Fake News

 

> disinformation: consciuously spread false information

 

> misinformation: unknowingly spread false information

 

> malinformation: knowingly spread twisted and partly true information

Defining Fake News

Spreading vs. clarification

 

> Initial post gets a lot of attention and leaves an impression, doubt, emotion

 

> Clarification doesn´t usually reach many people, cannot reverse the effect of the fake news

 

 

Defining Fake News

Fake News in the era of Trump

> coopted by political actors

> need to define how it´s meant when used

Defining Fake News

2 Who spreads Fake News?

> Political actors

 

But also

> Advertisers/Click bait

> Phishing

> Satire

 

Who spreads Fake News?

Social Media companies

 

> partly benefit from the attention and screen time

> control algorithms which contribute to spreading fake news

 

> who is responsible?

Who spreads Fake News?

Fake News as a political strategy

 

Planned and deliberate Fake News

> emotional response

> distrust in government, media and civil society

> changing of the overton window

> radicalisation and polarisation

> increase in hate crimes and conspiracy thinking

Who spreads Fake News?

3 Who believes Fake News?

3 Who believes Fake News?

And why?

Those who don´t know how to fact check information

> creating doubt and confusion

Those whose world view is legitimised by them

> confirmation bias

> reinforcing stereotypes and political opinions

 

> importance of media and political education

Who believes Fake News?

4 Conspiracy Theories

Conspiracy Theories

Network of false claims and assumptions

> Fake News play key role to spread and sustain ideas of conspiracies

> symbiotic relationship with fake news

> emotions, not facts as ground level for belief systems

 

Based on the distrust in traditional media and government

> "we are lied to", "we are controlled", "we are in danger"

 

Conspiracy Theories

"The great replacement"

 

> claims a secret plan by evil elites to replace indigenous European people by Muslims

> antisemitic, islamophobic and racist

 

 

Conspiracy Theories

Source: https://www.bbc.com/news/stories-45919730

Conspiracy Theories

A fine line:

Legitimate critique of power structures vs. conspiracy thinking

Conspiracy Theories

Conspiracy Theories

5 What to do about it?

Policy

> laws, regulations

Civil society

> debunking, activism, fact-checking websites

Personal level

> awareness, diligence, and skeptical attitude

> discussing the topic in our social environment

Education

> media education, political education

 

What to do about it?

6 Media and Political Education

Media and Political Education

How to approach Fake News (and Conspiracy Theories) in educational settings?

How to approach Fake News (and Conspiracy Theories) in educational settings?

Media and Political Education

Asking, listening and discussing:  Settled values and knowledge, no moral high ground

Ask, listen and discuss:

Settled values and knowledge, no moral high ground

Political education: Which political ideologies are behind Fake News?

Media and Political Education

Asking, listening and discussing:  Settled values and knowledge, no moral high ground

Ask, listen and discuss:

Settled values and knowledge, no moral high ground

Political education: Which political ideologies are behind Fake News? What are the dangers?

How to approach Fake News (and Conspiracy Theories) in educational settings?

Media education:

How and why does information get spread? Who is behind a news story/post? How can I fact-check?

Asking, listening and discussing:  Settled values and knowledge, no moral high ground

Political education: Which political ideologies are behind Fake News? What are the dangers?

Media and Political Education

Ask, listen and discuss:

Settled values and knowledge, no moral high ground

How to approach Fake News (and Conspiracy Theories) in educational settings?

Getting involved: Get Bad News

Media and Political Education

Source: https://www.getbadnewsportugal.com/

 

Media and Political Education

Source: https://www.getbadnewsportugal.com/

 

Media and Political Education

Getting involved:

Creating Fake News

Media and Political Education

Source: https://www.worldgreynews.com/add-news

Media and Political Education

What the Fake???

Source: https://www.worldgreynews.com/details/166576/goethe-institut-covers-up-terror-plot

Media and Political Education

Getting involved:

Creating a Conspiracy Theory

Media and Political Education

Media and Political Education

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Media Literacy and Fake News in Political Eduacation 22.9.

By mediale pfade

Media Literacy and Fake News in Political Eduacation 22.9.

Beispiel, Anforderungen, Pädagogik

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